Address the hiring manager by name when you can, and open with the job title and why the role appeals to you. Generic openings are easy to skip. Pick two or three requirements from the job advert and give a concrete example for each: a project you led, a result you achieved or a problem you solved. Keep the letter to one page, match the tone of the company, and end by saying you look forward to an interview. Proofread it before you send the application.